Virtualization on Low-End Hardware

I have a few really old laptops that I've rescued for use in the TaoSecurity labs. One is a Thinkpad 600e PII 366 MHz with 128 MB RAM, and the other is a Thinkpad 1400 Pentium MMX 300 MHz with 256 MB RAM. Recently I wondered if I could use them as VMware Player running on them. First I needed a supported operating system. I first tried Ubuntu, since it looked like the most recent free OS with which I was familiar. Unfortunately, Ubuntu's live CD and installation CD hung on the two laptops I tried.

I turned next to Red Hat Linux 9, intending to use the Fedora Legacy project to update the OS once installed. RH 9 and Fedora Legacy worked perfectly. I don't need to repeat what I did because the Using Fedora Legacy's yum 2.x for Red Hat Linux 9 documentation is so excellent. I checked the FAQ and used Yum to update the kernel after the userland apps were updated. Impressive all around.

Next came the moment of truth. Would VMware Player run on these old systems? The newer PII ThinkPad installed the Linux .rpm with no problems. When I ran vmware-config.pl, however, I had to let VMware compile the kernel modules it needed. It needed kernel-source-2.4.20-43.9.legacy.i386.rpm installed, and I had to point the installer to /usr/src/include/linux-2.4 instead of /usr/src/include/linux. When the process was done I was able to run VMware Player as root. Awesome.

Then I tried the older Thinkpad. After installing the .rpm, I tried running vmware-config.pl. I encountered this error:

[root@rh9tp1400 root]# vmware-config.pl 
Your processor does not support the cmov instruction. VMware Player will not run
on this system.

Your /proc/cpuinfo is:

processor       : 0
vendor_id       : GenuineIntel
cpu family      : 5
model           : 8
model name      : Mobile Pentium MMX
stepping        : 2
cpu MHz         : 299.950
fdiv_bug        : no
hlt_bug         : no
f00f_bug        : yes
coma_bug        : no
fpu             : yes
fpu_exception   : yes
cpuid level     : 1
wp              : yes
flags           : fpu vme de pse tsc msr mce cx8 mmx
bogomips        : 598.01

Execution aborted.

Darn. No VMware Player on the Pentium MMX 300 MHz! Well, if VMware Player wouldn't run, what about QEMU? I found a QEMU .rpm at the DAG repository. When I tried installing it, the .rpm complained it needed SDL-1.2.5-3.i386.rpm.

(Note: When I installed RH 9 on these laptops, I did a Workstation install, automatic partitioning, no firewall, and I customized the packages to remove GNOME, Graphical Internet, Office/Productivity, Sound and Video, Graphics, Games and Entertainment, X Software Development, GNOME Software Development, and Printing Support; I added System Tools and Kernel Development. Total package size: 1311 MB.)

I installed the SDL package, and sure enough QEMU ran on the P-MMX! I booted a Linux image to test it. I did not try networking. This was more proof-of-concept, since I do not have QEMU images ready for use as I do VMs.

One of the main reasons I conducted this test was to provide a baseline of hardware I could expect to use when I teach my classes. I plan to suggest a PII with 256 MB RAM running RH 9 as the absolute free-OS minimum for supporting VMware Player.

Comments

Anonymous said…
You can try your luck with CMOV emulation using the following patch:

http://www.uwsg.iu.edu/hypermail/linux/kernel/0206.3/0631.html
7:56 AM
Richard Bejtlich said…
No Xen for me yet -- as I've mentioned elsewhere I plan to try it with FreeBSD 6.1.
1:06 PM
Josh said…
Richard,

I had a similar experience trying to install VMWare workstation on a low-power system that used a VIA C3 as its processor. Too bad you need a "real" processor to make it work properly. :)
2:38 PM
Keith Adams said…
Sorry to come late to the party, but the kernel cmov patch will be ineffective. VMware's virtual machine monitor runs directly on the hardware (i.e., without the intervention of the kernel), and depends intimately on the hardware supporting cmov.
9:29 AM
Post a Comment

Popular posts from this blog

Zeek in Action Videos

Image
This is a quick note to point blog readers to my Zeek in Action YouTube video series for the Zeek network security monitoring project .  Each video addresses a topic that I think might be of interest to people trying to understand their network using Zeek and adjacent tools and approaches, like Suricata, Wireshark, and so on.  I am especially pleased with Video 6 on monitoring wireless networks . It took me several weeks to research material for this video. I had to buy new hardware and experiment with a Linux distro that I had not used before -- Parrot .  Please like and subscribe, and let me know if there is a topic you think might make a good video.
Read more

MITRE ATT&CK Tactics Are Not Tactics

Image
Just what are "tactics"? Introduction MITRE ATT&CK  is a great resource, but something about it has bothered me since I first heard about it several years ago. It's a minor point, but I wanted to document it in case it confuses anyone else. The MITRE ATT&CK Design and Philosophy document from March 2020 says the following: At a high-level, ATT&CK is a behavioral model that consists of the following core components: • Tactics, denoting short-term, tactical adversary goals during an attack; • Techniques, describing the means by which adversaries achieve tactical goals; • Sub-techniques, describing more specific means by which adversaries achieve tactical goals at a lower level than techniques; and • Documented adversary usage of techniques, their procedures, and other metadata. My concern is with MITRE's definition of "tactics" as "short-term, tactical adversary goals during an attack," which is oddly recursive. The key word in the tacti
Read more

New Book! The Best of TaoSecurity Blog, Volume 4

Image
  I've completed the TaoSecurity Blog book series . The new book is  The Best of TaoSecurity Blog, Volume 4: Beyond the Blog with Articles, Testimony, and Scholarship .  It's available now for Kindle , and I'm working on the print edition.  I'm running a 50% off promo on Volumes 1-3 on Kindle through midnight 20 April. Take advantage before the prices go back up. I described the new title thus: Go beyond TaoSecurity Blog with this new volume from author Richard Bejtlich. In the first three volumes of the series, Mr. Bejtlich selected and republished the very best entries from 18 years of writing and over 18 million blog views, along with commentaries and additional material.  In this title, Mr. Bejtlich collects material that has not been published elsewhere, including articles that are no longer available or are stored in assorted digital or physical archives. Volume 4 offers early white papers that Mr. Bejtlich wrote as a network defender, either for technical or pol
Read more